{"id":19740,"date":"2025-09-28T12:07:33","date_gmt":"2025-09-28T09:07:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/?p=19740"},"modified":"2025-09-28T12:07:35","modified_gmt":"2025-09-28T09:07:35","slug":"%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/?p=19740","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629”\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645.\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0632\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629”\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a … Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":99900,"featured_media":19744,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,9,64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-9","category-64"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/99900"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19740"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19740\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19745,"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19740\/revisions\/19745"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/isa.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}